The best way to do this is to look up the cases you do not know in google.
MOST IMPORTANT SUPREME COURT CASES:
-- What is the background of the case?
-- What is the Supreme Court decision?
-- How does the decision affect America?
Marbury v. Madison - 1803
McCulloch v. Maryland - 1819
Cherokee Nation v. Georgia - 1831
Dred Scott v. Sandford - 1857
Plessy v. Ferguson - 1896
Schenck v. U. S. - 1918
Korematsu v. U. S. - 1944
Brown v. Board of Education (Topeka, KS) - 1954
Mapp v. Ohio - 1961
Baker v. Carr - 1962
Engle v. Vitale - 1962
Gideon v. Wainwright - 1963
Escobedo v. Illinois - 1964
Miranda v. Arizona - 1966
Tinker v. Des Moines - 1969
The New York Times Co. v. U. S. - 1971
Roe v. Wade - 1973
U. S. v. Nixon - 1974
Bakke v. The Regents of the University of California - 1978
New Jersey v. TLO - 1985
Vernonia School District v. Action - 1995
Jones v. Clinton - 1997